Labour Laws

Interactive Labour Law Guide

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Navigating the complexities of employment law for both employers and employees.

Understanding Labour Law

Labour and employment law is a dynamic field that governs the complex relationship between employers, employees, and trade unions. It establishes the rights and obligations of all parties in the workplace, covering everything from hiring and wages to workplace safety and termination.

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Key Labour Law Enactments

The legal landscape is governed by several key acts, including the transformative new Labour Codes:

The 4 New Labour Codes

The Code on Wages, 2019; Industrial Relations Code, 2020; Social Security Code, 2020; and the OSH Code, 2020.

The POSH Act, 2013

The Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace (Prevention, Prohibition and Redressal) Act.

The EPF Act, 1952

Employees' Provident Funds and Miscellaneous Provisions Act.

The ESI Act, 1948

Employees' State Insurance Act.

Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972

Governs the payment of gratuity to employees.

The Factories Act, 1948

Regulates health, safety, and welfare in factories.

Typical Labour Dispute Resolution Process

While steps vary, many disputes follow a structured path to resolution.

1. Internal Grievance Mechanism
2. Demand Notice / Legal Notice
3. Conciliation Process (by Labour Officer)
4. Adjudication (Labour Court / Tribunal)
5. Appeal (High Court / Supreme Court)

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